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Read about what's happening in and around Plymouth.

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Summer Jobs: Do your Homework, Now!

While many students are still thinking about spring break, seasonal employers are already hiring for summer.

Students looking for a great summer job should be on the look-out now. There are summer job fairs and ads for student workers all over the Greater Toronto Area and throughout the province, according to Toronto Job Classifieds.com associate editor Maddie Woods. “Amusement parks, golf courses and camps are among those hiring right now. There are lots of seasonal opportunities,” says Woods, “Students should have their resumes polished-up and out there now.”

When looking for a summer job Woods advises that students check their school career centres, local papers, and on-line services. When using on-line job boards Woods cautions, “There are services out there asking students to pay for job leads, which is absolutely ridiculous! There is lots of work out there, especially if you start looking early; there are plenty or free services, like ours, so no one should have to pay to find job openings—that is just taking advantage of those who can ill-afford such a service.”

Big seasonal employers like Canada’s Wonderland and Ontario Place are hiring now; students can apply on-line through those company’s websites. Outside of the major, summer opportunities, there are many smaller employers looking to hire seasonally as well. “We get a lot of ads from student painting companies across the GTA,” notes Woods.

Some of the smaller, ‘summer-only’ businesses will not have commercial spaces where they can interview prospective employees. Woods advises that while these opportunities may well be legitimate, job seekers should never agree to meet in a private residence, car or secluded area. “Arrange to meet in a public place, like a coffee shop. A reputable employer will understand that it is inappropriate to meet in private,” says Woods, “Your personal safety is more important than a job interview.”

Woods recommends that students do a little research too. Summer experience can provide much needed networking opportunities and experience on one’s resume--for career searching after graduation. “Some employers offer great incentives for students, UPS for example, offers its student employees the opportunity to win scholarships, so it pays to look around.”

The message to students: Do your homework and don’t wait for the last bell in May or June to get the ‘leftovers’. Take some time now and find a terrific summer job.

About the Author

Vin Domino is a marketing consultant and freelance writer based in Toronto, Ontario. Visit Vin's blog at domino13.bloglanding.com. With Thanks to http//:http://www.torontojobclassifieds.com editor Maddie Woods for expert input for this article.

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Annual K9 Cancer Walk bow-wows on Aug. 21
How much do you love your animal companion? Is it forty-two times the population of Estes Park? That`s the number of dogs who will die of canine cancer this year.

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Tradition, Modernity and Future of Civilisation

TRADITION, MODERNITY AND FUTURE OF CIVILISATION

__________________________________________Madan Mohan. L

Ph.D., Research Scholar,

Osmania University, Hyderabad

.....There are two things that we can hope to give to our children; one is the wings and the other, roots. Wings are required to move 'and adapt ourselves with times, for the biggest lesson that we can learn from human history so far is that the only thing that is permanent is change. However, along with it. We also need to assert that if society is to be anything more than a loosely organized chaos in the contemporary age of science, it must recognize that its position and its speed of movement, that is Change, is by the very nature of things indeterminable as evident from Heisenberg's principle of indeterminacy. The present being transient and the future unknown, interdependence rather than independence and multiculturalism rather than materialism, should be stressed keeping firm faith in basic human values. Multi-ethic cultures, traditions and fundamental human rights - the roots of any civilization. It is this fusion of roots and wings that, if persistently pursued today, will raise humanity to a new level of sustainable peace, progress for all. A Latin proverb aptly says - The future always struggles against being mastered but is masterable with roots in past (tradition) and living in present (modernity) ....... "

- President G. W. Bush (Excerpts from his speech on 29th March, 2001 in Polish University).

The origin of human civilization, on this earth is as fascinating as the origin of life itself. Life originated on this earth some 2000 million years ago (though from fossil records, some scientists put this estimate at about 1500 million years ago) in the form of bacterial like unicellular objects (now called microfossils). Thereafter, there has been no stopping with evolutionary emergence of sea weeds and invertebrates (550-450 million years ago), fishes (450-300 million years ago). Amphibian (300--250 million years ago), reptiles, birds and mammals (250-50 million years ago) as well as nature's experiments with mammals (50-30 million years ago). Apes and humanoid varieties (30-1 million years ago), and the final emergence of man some 1 million years ago. Thus, it is clear that man has been in existence for only 1 million years out of me 2000 million years of life or only about 0.05% of the lime. Similar is the case with human civilization that is only about 10,000 years old or mere 1% of man's existence time. We sec in the above sequence complexity, development from simple to complex forms through various stages of evolution. And each stage represents a higher integration of all the component elements till we come to the peak, the human being, about whom Riaisc Fiscal remarked: "Man is but a reed, the weakest thing in nature, but he is a thinking reed", and. Shakespeare went into ecstasies when lie stated. "How beauteous mankind is! Oh brave new world. That has such people in’t’ and further. "...What a piece of work is man! How noble in reason! How infinite in faculty! In form, in moving, how express and admirable! How like an angel! In apprehension how like a cod!" But, this "god" bears in its embryo evidence of its lowly origin. It starts as a single cell (a kind of protozoan) and then becomes a small colony of cells (like a sponge) each of which is callable of separating and starting life on its own. Then it passes through a two-layered stage, like the coebnterates ("hollow gut"), typical representatives of which are jellyfish and the sea anemones. Then comes a third layer, as in the case of the starfish, the sea urchin, and other echinodermata ("spiny skin"). The whole gamut or evolution is repeated. Similar is the case with human civilization, which has slowly evolved from the primitive and simple to the modern but complex type; moving from divergence towards convergence of traditional as well as modem perspectives. Overall, the human civilization can be categorized into three eras and ten main stages as:

A. Era of Primitive Similarity

1. Food Gatherers and Primitive Hunters.

2. Advanced or Big Game Hunters.

3. Matrifocal Agricultures.

4. Early Technologists.

5. Warrior Nomads and Pirates.

B. Era of Theocratic Divergence

6. Techno-Theocratic (River Valley Civilizations).

7. Religio-Hierarchic Agricultural (including feudal).

8. Religio-Mercantile (Religious Bourgeois).

C. Era of Convergence

9. Rational-Mercantile (Bourgeois).

10. Scientific-Democratic-International-Ferninist (Modern).

The chronological order is basically in the sequence given above, although there are exceptions of jumping, missing, extension, and transplantation of stages. These exceptions can be explained through man's experiments with nature for adjustment to changes at different locations and are in unique similarity to nature's experiments with life forms for the same purpose as already discussed in the evolutionary sequence. Thus, in Western Europe, the rehgio-mercantile (First West European high civilization) came before the religio-hierarchic agricultural, as it did in Crete, Russia, parts of West Asia (Syria. Babylonian, Arab-Muslim), parts of South-East Asia (Sri Yijaya, Sailendra Java), parts of Trans-Saharan Africa (Ghana, Mali, Songhai), etc., showing jumping of stases. Some zones and societies have missed some stages. Thus, Europe missed stage 6, i.e., Theocratic Irrigation. Eurasia also missed this and the rational-mercantile was weak there. In South-East Asia, stage 5 (Warrior Aristocrate) was weak while stage 6 (Theocratic Irrigation) was missing. Only west Europe and Japan had the rational-mercantile. Meanwhile, European rational-mercantile was transplanted to North America. Europe developed the scientific-democratic, which was also transplanted to North America, Meso-and South America and appropriated in Russia, later the USSR and Japan. Elsewhere, except in China, reccgnisable scientific-democratic societies existed only thinly or marginally as transplantations. Stages 1.2.4, and 5 were mobile and moved between zones. Stages 3 (Matrifocal Agricultural) and 6 (Theocratic Irrigation) were sedentary but their ideas, products, etc., did radiate out, especially under trader and warrior auspices, often initially foreign.

The characteristic property of various societies mentioned above is that they developed on their own and had their own identities, even in cases of transplantations or extensions from elsewhere, thus, representing unique characteristics, traditions, cultures, and perspectives. The differences between groups B and C indicate that religion or ideological dogmatism. is a great divying factor. It can also be seen that the typologies arc based on the dominant mode of production or distribution; This does not mean that other modes are not in existence but that production or distribution of the type-name is pre-eminent and that it stamps its quality on the society in question. For this purpose, stage 10 production is 'scientific', a term of wider implication than 'industrial' in that it implies never-ceasing research.

In the earliest parts of world history, alt cultures being based on the struggle for existence against a hostile nature, began to operate from the compulsion in the human metabolism to create such conditions as may enable man to master his environment. This creative urge from the human race has been in action, in all stages, sometimes hindered by uncongenial political and social orders and sometimes obstructed by the prolonged wars of personal aggrandisement of powerful tyrants and potentates. Importantly and uniquely, however, in renascent periods there has always been the attempt at integration through the reassertion of the capacity of man to control his destiny. Unfortunately, such attempts in the modern era have led to a dilemma as aptly described by Albert Einstein, one of the most creative intellects and brilliant scientists of the millennium: "Perfection of means and confusion of goals seem in my opinion to characterize modernity". This has been primarily due to the fact that the complex of values that emerged to guide the ancient civilizations in the field of scientific investigations (principally responsible for ushering in the modern era) including the finding of solution about the mystery of universe to attain true knowledge of ultimate reality, culturing science in the background of dharma or natural justice and having a humanitarian end in view, have been lost sight of. The task of integration of different, highly specialized and complex awareness of man in the contemporary period, when there has been a phenomenal multiplication of ascertained facts and adumbrations of the inner worlds, of faculty and experience, also seemed highly impossible and beset with extraordinary difficulties. The frustration, thus, ensued from these factors as well as from the imperfect measures taken to combat these in the name of 'Globalization, Liberalization, and Privatization. This frustration took various forms during the 20th century, out of which the militant form of piety, often known as fundamentalism, erupted in every major religion as the biggest rebellion against modernity. Every fundamental movement convinced itself that scientific, liberal, secular and democratic society is determined to wipe out religion and multi-cultural traditions built up through centuries of human civilization development, thereby, putting the very future of our civilization in perils. Therefore, in order to secure the future of our civilization, the following aspects need to be reasserted and recognized in the modern-scientific civilization. These aspects include:

• Blending modern science with traditions of society/ Sociology of Science.

• Blending modern science with traditional art and history.

• Interaction of Modern Sciences and Religion.

• Interaction of Modern Science and Human Values.

• Strengthening the chain that links Science and Philosophy.

1. Blending Modern Science with Traditions of Society

Science should never be taken as an individual quest or a selfish pleasure, that is, it has value only in so far as it gets linked with the welfare of human community. In the words of Schrodinger, "Never lose sight of the role that application of science and scientific tools have to play within the great performance of tragic-comedy of human life; keep science in touch with life and keep life in touch with science''. Only by keeping the humanitarian end in view of every applied science, can we think of leading science to achieve true happiness and sustainable peace for society - the ultimate aim of my successful civilization. The application to check epidemics, the application to combat poverty, the application to bring in greater transparency in public affairs, the application to build a casteless and classless society, the application to improve human nutrition, the application to strengthen democracy and freedom with responsibility and so on are some of the measures that science can and should adopt but they have to be taken with a new dimension that is, 'Sustainability of Effects'. Without sustainability, tensions and problems of social, psychological, political, and economic nature arise continuously and repeatedly and in a form that is more difficult to control. An integrated personality of a human being should he stressed to vigorously propel the idea of belonging together and check the slow erosion of total and universal personality of a human being. The confusion today is that with the current trends in science, we are knowing more and more about less and less mid to that extent are losing the perception, the vision and the imagination of the whole. This is the problem why fundamentalism is rising. This is the problem why frustration is escalating. Science has to realize that specialized sciences, be it genetics or astrophysics, mathematics or botany, are all like the fingers of a hand; they all from the common matrix of common sense, from man's daily experience, his history, his tradition and his words. Each is now developing a life, an experience and a language of its own but between the tips of fingers there is rare or almost no contact. The need, therefore, is to maintain this contact and continue growing. For efficient democracy and running of political system also, modern science has an important role to play, since political doctrines (be it democracy or totalitarianism or any other form) and Government policies do affect the way of life and conditions of living of the people of a country. Be it education, automation, agriculture, harnessing of nuclear energy, defense, industry, economy or any other social aspect, the role of state and politics is enormous. "As you are, so will be your rulers!" is an often quoted phrase linking society and politics and, thus, the interaction of modem science and politics, political ideologies and the state. In fact, a 'New Panchasheel' for the new millennium can well be proposed: "Child centered Education, Women centered Family, Human centered Development, Knowledge centered Society and Innovation & sustainability centered World".

2. Blending Modern Science with Traditional Art and History

Inherent in a human being are the forces of curiosity and endeavour to achieve means of production and his fundamental urge for inquiry into solving questions about origin of life, its ultimate destination, harrowing pain of existence, body-soul internal imbalances through nature's cruelties, through the evil of other men rooted in personal aggrandisement and through millions of hopes and despairs. All this compels him to cultivate skills and techniques for his search to observe himself and nature and then analyse his experience (for example, Picasso started many pictures with a line that led him to a new possible organic composition by the unconscious-conscious interplay of kinetic faculties using causation, similarity, contrast of colour, line and structure, and many other relations with intense vision and inborn skill). However, if a man finds it necessary to accept certain axioms, which are not proved, they still remain a part of his hunches or apperceptions. The resulting experiments remain suspended between actualisation and aspiration and may or may not become a completely integral part. But, they are put forward or communicated. When a scientist or an artist feels that he has done his best to realize his deepest intentions, his search in a variety of experiences leads to the creation of a balance and a sense of cohesion and harmony with the society (lore example, Ukanawa's hypothesis of meson began as a guess and was not proved until afterwards but today we know these mesons as being the ultimate particles rather than the atoms and this postulated from his hypothesis). Thus, if there is no difference between the inspiration behind a scientific experiment and a work of art or craftwork, then how is it possible that in our machine and scientific age, the hostility between science and art is so visible in the daily life? It is likely that the unity between the two in the ages before modernity was based on the fact that the tools employed in both the primitive experiment and handicraft were simpler and could be wielded; by one and the same man. With industrialization, the nature of tools became more; complex in so far as they became intricate machines and there began a subdivision of labour. This meant the lapsing of personal initiative, which cannot easily be restored, unless and until each workman understands in the contemporary world that he is not a cog in machine, but an important element in the total process.. Hence, this blending of traditional art and history with modern science is w, important issue in today's age for security and well being of future civilization.

3. Interaction of Modern Science and Religion

In his essays on Science and the Modern World, Alfred North Winiehead queried, "When we consider what religion is for mankind and then what science: it is no exaggeration to say that the future course of history depends upon the decision of this generation as to the relations between them". In reply, Albert Einstein, in his famous lecture on Science and Religion noted: "Science without religion is lame, Religion without science is blind".

A careful study of human history indicates two important facts about science and religion. First, that there has always been the conflict between the two (as between Galileo and Catholic Church, and, between Copernicus and Church, etc.) and secondly, that both of them have always been in a state of continual development. If we focus on the first aspect, the genius and role of especially Christianity in western history and society will largely remain undiscovered under its conservatism However, when we focus on the second aspect of continual growth of science and religion, we note the genius of those religions that have endured through long periods of history as significant participants in an ongoing culture and as meaningful elements in personal and collective human lives. This ability to participate in a 'happening' or development or change is one of their greatest but often unnoticed resources. In fact, though their most devout adherents may well argue that they have endured because the truth they possess is eternal and indestructible, the student of religion also notes that it is only those religions, possessing the aptitude of accommodation that have continued over long periods of changing circumstances to have relevance to personal human life and collective human society. Religion need not mean a mere sentimental moonshine based entirely upon faith and imagination, having nothing to do with reason. It is faith, indeed, but faith in the essential rationality of world order and of that which we regard as the ultimate (for example, Quran quotes: 'There must be no coercion in matters of faith! (2:256) and preaches through the Hadith (or tradition): 'Pay the labourer his wages before his sweatdries up'. Religions have taught us both, personal as well as social morality and teachings as well as traditions, and, a need to maintain a fine balance between the two for checking the negative offshoots of any new development. This balance is a significant lesson of the religious history of mankind, which is increasingly under constant threat by modernity, especially with the vivid effects on personal morality. A truly religious life, a life of deep devotion, knowingly or unknowingly, is a life of profound thought. Knowledge or wisdom is always there whenever it is a case of deepening of devotional life. For. in the last resort, true devotion can only be a commitment to truth, which is in fact, also the final goal of science (to find the ultimate truth of life). Thus, the relation between religion and science in the modern world is imperative in balanced form to check negative influences of both religion (called fundamentalism) as well as science (called negative use of science). In (act, we see today a race from every existing religion to explain how scientific is their religion without compromising or abanswing its essential themes. It is this spirit with which religion must be pursued as a tool and a potential weapon to check all that is ignoble and evil in our society and science. Only in this way. can it act as a contributing (and not a disturbing or a destructive force) in the build up of future civilisation based on the provision of effective peace and prosperity to all and sundry.

4. Interaction of Modern Science and Human Values

The outlook of every activity, be it societal or scientific, has to be humanitarian and concerned with human beings. Bu» for an activity concerned with human beings to be punitive in approach and constructive in action, a complex of values to regulate human behaviour is a must, for without it the human intellect is bound to and has the potential to become a formidable dangerous force. This is what has been emphasised in every religion and this is what ushers in through the creativity involved in every art. Isaac Newton once said: "To me science, art and religion are all ultimately one and the same and ultimately lead us to one goal, the goal of self realisation which is the acceptance of the fact that the self means not merely you or I or any individual but the life that pervades all - manifested and unmanifestcd creation and which cannot be even thought of without depiction of true human values in our every endeavour". All the discoveries and advances in technology in the modem world have done one thing, which did not exist before, that is to make us world conscious and materialistic. Every trouble, every difference of opinion, political and otherwise, has now a worldwide repercussion. When Kennedy was assassinated, it became an event of world importance. When Martin Luther King was shot or the World 7; trade Centre towers fell on September 11, once again the fear of world opinion and world conflagrations came into existence. But, unfortunately, in this world consciousness, we all are today far more conscious of the evil than of the good, and, a powerful evil man attracts world attention more than the great man of compassion, unless he be of caliber of Lord Buddha, Lord Krishna, Guru Nanak or Christ (rarely though, such beings come into the world!). Lack of vision of small man, his selfishness, and great knowledge along with the power to achieve personal goals will only lead to the destruction of man by man. But if human values are attached alongside, the same will become a constructive weapon for humanity to live and let live its future generations peacefully and in a healthy and creative environment. An epitome in this direction in the modem era is Bhutan, which has declared as its state policy to respect each other, mutually cooperate and coexist, preserve fundamental human rights and values, take pride in one's culture, create healthy employment opportunities, provide corruption free governance, and live in harmony with nature. This way, it has decided to measure its growth in terms of 'true human happiness' by strengthening it social sector" in the modern era rather than through GDP or other economic indices. The same is true for Norway that has created a culture of strengthened social structure by developing its resources (that is, the people) in its 1000 years of history and has been ranked no. 1 in Human Development Report by United Nations for the year 2001.

5. Strengthening the Chain that Links Science and Philosophy

Since times immemorial, philosophers like Plato, Socrates, and Swami Vivekananda have motivated millions of minds and raised their voices against the brutalities and vices of their times. The coming of Renaissance era in Europe has largely been attributed to the philosophers and thinkers as Rousseau, who said "Man is born free but he is every where in chains". Such is the impact of philosophy on our minds that whenever we talk about a 'creative individual', it is the philosophers who always excel the scientists. Philosophy, according to Russell, is something intermediate between theology and science. Like theology, it consists of speculations on matters on which definite knowledge has so far been unascertainable; but like science, it appeals to human reason rather than to authority, whether that of tradition or that of revelation. And, such has been the ultimate relation of science and philosophy that scientists before 1840 were called 'natural philosophers' as the term 'scientist' was first coined and used by William Whevell of Cambridge. We are already seeing a lot of philosophical concepts as feminism, internationalism, etc., being attached with modernity. Alexander Pope once said:

"Little learning is a dangerous thing,

Drunk deep or taste not the Pierian spring,

There shallow draughts intoxicate the brain,

And drinking largely sobers us again".

This philosophical aspect not only pertains to science, but also to every endeavour that man should undertake in the struggle for existence or in development. To describe in terms of relative psycho-social attitudes: if science is man's ultimate cognitive awareness, philosophy certainly is his ultimate concern, whereas religion is nothing less than his ultimate commitment. Therefore, a chain linking these multidimensional aspects of human life need to be strengthened to get an explicit view of life as Whitehead remarked, "The balance of mind through these aspects should now become part of the tradition which infects cultivated thought. It is the salt that will keep life sweet and continuously growing".

Evolution has taught us great lessons and so have our traditions Humans have evolved after millions of years of patience and complexities of different stages of evolution. Knowledge about each and every aspect of nature call never be obtained without its effect on the researcher himself as a man, on his emotions, his attitude to life, his outlook upon humanity and on his relationship with all. Therefore, the advance-guards of all civilizations should sought to include the various developments in knowledge about the various cultures into a single realm, over which man must remain in harmony with nature if the species called homo sapiens, is to survive in the midst of the still unabsorbed nature. Man will also have to conquer his own dangerous weaknesses and aberrations in order to usher in a future of relative balance to render possible a just distribution of potential of the earth and other planets and will also have to seek some kind of harmony within the dynamic universe. Sri Bhagwan in the seventh chapter of Bhagvad Gita says, "I shall tell you spiritual experience (that lies beyond the scope of reason) plus the scientific experience (worldly and reasonable knowledge); knowing which there is nothing left to be known in this world". In the ninth chapter, he again emphasises that knowing both will free us from evils.

In fact, no one lives alone even if he has to live in two worlds. This is the spiritual experience that comes as a result of contact with nature and it should make one realise that we all belong to a unitary consciousness, whether man, animal. plant, or mineral. If we experience all this as a part of a greater consciousness, this experience would make the present as well as the future of the civilisation healthy, safe and secure and will prevent anybody from saying in future, 'What men call civilisation, always results in deserts!' (Don Marquis). We are lucky to have "the three great elements of modern civilisation - TRADITION, INFORMATION AND RELIGION' (Thomas Carlyle). The onus is, therefore, on us today to rationally analyse, reason and direct their use for humanity and its welfare. The present situation is both a challenge and an opportunity. If considered as an opportunity, be ready to live and create a fruitful, healthy, purposeful and creative future for our progenies but if considered a challenge, he ready to face the wrath of the coming generation, who will stare at the face of man for leaving such a heritage that will shame us throughout as Tennyson has epitomized it beautifully:

"And so, when modern things are thrust.

By death beneath the coffin lid.

Our liberal sons will spun, the dust,

And wonder what is was we did.

References:

1. Coon Carleton S (1955): The Story of Man, New York: Knopf

2. Dobzgasky. Theodosius G (1955): Evaluation, Genetics and Man, New York : Willey

3. Gladwin, Harold Sterling (1947): Men out of Asia, McGraw Hill; New York

4. Alimen H (1957): The Pre-History of Africa, London: Hutchinson

5. Piggot Stuart (1961): The Dawn of Civilization, McGraw Hill; New York

6. Singer Charles & Others (1958): A History of Technology, Oxford University Press, New York

7. Shapiro H ed (1956): Man, Culture and Society, Oxford University Press, New York

8. Butterfield Herbert (1962): The Origin of Modern Science, Collier: New York

9. Feuer Lewis S (1963); The Scientific Intellectual, Basic Books: New York

10. Mantoux Paul (1961): The Industrial Revolution in 18th Centuries, Harper & Row Torch Books : New York

11. White Lynn Jr. (1963): Medical Technology and Social Change, Oxford University Press, London

12. Walker Charles (1962): Modern Technology and Civilization, McGraw Hill; New York

13. Weeks Robert (1961): Machines and Man: A Source Book on Automation, New York: Apletion Century Crofts.

14. Henr Jules (1963): Culture Against Man, New York : Random House

About the Author

Senior Seminar In Sociology! Need help ASAP!?

I have to complete a 20 page paper, and the paper guidelines are:

Topic should be sociological question.

Demonstrate ability to:

1) discuss theoretical or explanatory ideas in sociology related to topic.

2) understand to research techniques used to investigate topic

3) ability to synthesize and evaluate research on your topic and come to a supportable conclusion related to topic.

I NEED A TOPIC. I cant think of anything that my teacher is satisfied with! I origionally had "Public support and opposition for legalization of marijuana" and I could not find enough "scholary" sources for this topic. Now I want to do something towards terrorism, but I need to think of a topic question for that. And I have NO IDEA. Please help. It needs to be sociological! Im a sociology major and I don't even know what that word means!

Pleas help!

Here are some options...

Is terrorism still a threat to America?
If so, why?

What is terrorism?

What was the sociological impact of 9-11 American's perception of public safety?

What is the impact of illegal drugs on American society?
What about other countries (i.e. Netherlands)?

What is the sociological impact of inflation?

What is the cause of widespread poverty in America?

Thats a start... IM me if you need more.

Sociology Research Methods AS LEVEL Revision



2010 Reith Lecture Series: Scientific Horizons
Part Two: Surviving The Century

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nursing research jokes

The Power of Laughter

When’s the last time you had a good laugh? Take a moment to relive the good feelings that come with real laughter.

We pay money to laugh. At the movies and a comedy clubs. We stay up to catch the jokes on late night talk shows. We delight in finding something funny in our lives to laugh at. When we laugh, we get pleasure. What a joy! What a blessing!

Certainly there are times when life presents major challenges when we need to act clearly, but behaving responsibly and efficiently doesn’t preclude humor and light-heartedness. In fact, a flexible, fluid, upbeat approach and attitude is crucial to being effective and creative in our lives.

Laughter, play, spontaneity and improvisation are integral aspects of being human, healthy, happy—and successful. Tribal peoples laugh, sing, chant, drum, dance and act out stories as basic ways to relate socially, to make individual and collective decisions, and to achieve their goals in daily life.

Inspiration and breakthrough are often born from the spirit of playfulness and exuberance. A spontaneous wink, a funny smile, a comic gesture can facilitate change and harmony in the most blocked situation. Through conscious merriment our spirit can emerge and work its magic.

Take a Tip from the Kid In You

Preschool children laugh an average of 400 times a day. The typical adult only laughs 17 times per day. Perhaps it’s time to return to the power of living life through the wonderment of childlike adventure, innocence, lightheartedness, humor and irreverence.

Ancient Roots

Throughout history, spiritual traditions in China, Japan and India have revered the sacred strength of laughter. Lao-Tzu is always pictured smiling. Samurai are always laughing. “Laughter Yoga” was a practice of the ancient rishis of India over 5,000 years ago. Dr. Madan Kataria of Mumbai India started a “Laugher Yoga Club” a few years ago, and now there are thousands of laughter yoga clubs across the world. The club members get together just to enjoy a deep chuckle—and reap the many benefits of mirth.

Hawaiian Secret of Laughter

The ancient Hawaiians assert there are two chemical reactions within the human body that can accomplish Reconnection with Source Oneness. The first is the "sacred tear” beneath our sadness and hopelessness. Beneath that tear lies the second chemical reaction, said to be more powerful than all the healing agents known to humankind. It comes "out of the blue" with the power of a jackhammer, shattering the seriousness of the entire human estate. A power instantly freeing and balancing to all the body's chemistry. This is the power of laughter. When it comes in this manner, it comes through the "na'au" (gut level) and will pierce the hopelessness of any situation or attitude. It is not a power to be taken lightly, for the ancient Hawaiians say it holds the chemistry of immortality and will instantly heal any terminal disease. It’s said to be the "laughter of God" which shatters the ridiculousness of hopelessness.

Laughter Is the Best Medicine

A laugh a day keeps the doctor away! Having a good laugh has long been known to be very therapeutic. As we let laughter wash over and through us, its energy cleanses, purges, and rights imbalances and disharmonies in our mind and body. Hundreds of medical studies have shown the remarkable benefits of laughter.

DEEP LAUGHTER:

Frees Breathing

A good belly laugh opens up your lungs, stretches your diaphragm, eases chest tension, and has an overall healing effect on your well-being. Laughter aids ventilation and clears mucus, improving respiratory functions for those suffering from conditions like emphysema and asthma.

Aids Circulation

Laughter improves blood vessel function, reducing blood pressure and heart rate, enhancing blood oxygen levels and boosting overall circulation.

Boosts Immune Defenses

Laughter increases the immune system’s T-cells, which kill invading bacteria that are harmful to the body. Laughing increases the number of antibodies in saliva, which combat upper respiratory infections. Laughter increases immunity to infections by instantly flooding the system with immune cells and cancer fighting proteins.

Reduces Stress

Cortisol is a chemical produced in your body when you feel stressed, upset or frustrated. Elevated levels of cortisol in your bloodstream have the effect of suppressing your immune system function. Laughter lowers the cortisol levels in the body, thereby protecting your immune system from the negative effects of stress.

A good laugh increases endorphins, which make a person feel happy and have a brighter outlook on life. Laughter also causes secretion of an enzyme that protects the stomach from forming ulcers.

Cures Cancer

Since cancer thrives in an oxygen-depleted body, laughter is helpful in combating cancer. Norman Cousins, in his book “Anatomy Of An Illness,” explains how he laughed himself back from the death sentence of a terminal illness just by watching funny movies, laughing hard, and taking vitamin C. There are hundreds of cases of laughter healing patients described as “terminally ill” with cancer and other ailments.

Relieves Pain

Laughter releases endorphins, providing natural pain relief.

Reduces Weight

Laughter reduces food cravings. Laughing 10 minutes a day burns 40 calories.

Is Enjoyable Exercise

Laughing can be considered an exercise since it conditions the abdominal muscles and relaxes muscles throughout the body. Twenty seconds of laughing gives the heart the same workout as 3 minutes of hard rowing.

Makes You Look and Feel Younger

Laughter reduces the rate of cellular decay, which slows aging. Also, the effects of laughter include better mental function, improved mental alertness, memory and social responsiveness.

Saves 30% on Medical Expenses

In western Japan the government provided elderly people with a complete medical care program combining physical training and laughter therapy. "It’s the nation’s first attempt to launch a medicare business with laughter," commented university official Mitsutoshi Nishikawa. 92 participants reported their annual medical costs fell some 30 percent after they joined the program.

Helps Diabetics

A Japanese scientist is unlocking the secrets of the funny bone by cheering up people’s genes. Geneticist Kazuo Murakami teamed up with an unlikely research partner: stand-up comedians—who turn their one-liners into efficient, low-cost medical treatment. Murakami’s approach is to use laughter to trigger energy inside a person’s DNA, potentially helping cure disease.

Murakami had diabetics laugh at a comedy show performed by top stand-up comedians after listening to a monotonous college lecture. The two-day experiment showed that the diabetics’ blood glucose levels (a key gauge for development of diabetes) became lower after they laughed— as compared with their levels listening to the boring lecture. He identified 23 genes that are activated with laughter. 18 of these genes control immune response and cell signal transmission.

“A laughing therapy has no side-effects, meaning it’s an epoch-making treatment for clinical medicine," Murakami said. "One day it won’t be a joke to see patients receive a prescription for a comedy video at a pharmacy for medical treatment."

Maintains a Healthy Heart

University of Maryland Medical School discovered that laughter helps keep your heart healthy. The scientists found that laughter-provoking movies cause the tissue that forms the inner lining of blood vessels to expand, resulting in an increase of blood flow.

For their experiment, the team recruited 20 healthy volunteers to watch two segments of movies at the extreme ends of the emotional spectrum: the comedy "King Pin" and the war drama "Saving Private Ryan." They found that when the study subjects watched a movie that caused laughter, beneficial blood vessel relaxation increased in 19 of the 20 volunteers. In contrast, blood flow was reduced in 14 of the 20 volunteers following the movie clips that caused mental stress. Overall, blood flow increased by 22 percent during laughter—and decreased by 35 percent after watching a clip that caused mental stress.

Lead researcher Dr. Michael Miller suggests people should combine regular exercise with 15 minutes of laughter a day for good cardiovascular health. "It’s conceivable that laughing may be important to maintain healthy blood vessels and reduce the risk of heart disease," said Miller.

Laughter Inspires Clowning

Doctors, nurses and attendants now use "clowning" in hospitals to enhance the healing process with patients. They’ve discovered that when people are laughing and having fun, they experience less physical and psychological pain—and recover faster.

So … laugh more, heal quicker, live longer, and enjoy life as a kid again!

About the Author

Drawing from the wisdom of native and ancient spiritual traditions, Keith Varnum shares his 30 years of practical success as an author, personal coach, acupuncturist, filmmaker, radio host, restaurateur, vision quest guide and international seminar leader with “The Dream Workshops”. Keith helps people get the love, money, and health they want with his F-r-e-e Prosperity Ezine, F-r-e-e Abundance Tape and F-r-e-e Coaching at http://www.TheDream.com

Am I becoming anorexic this is an emergency!!?

Okay well I only ate one milky way today and a pick a mix... is that bad I haven't had one drink today . I skip my dinner my breakfast and my lunch. I usually have the ocassional snack now and again. I keep on researching anorexic girls and then wanting to be them .I walked around 2 and a half miles today just to get the weight off
! My mother said if I carry on like this I will be going hospital was she just playing jokes she sounded serious!Also I have a weighing apointment in 2 weeks time ! Will the nurse notice please help answer my questions please!!!

Yes of course its bad!! You must know you need a balance diet and you need to keep hydrated! My dear, to skip all meals will lead to hospitalization. Your mother is right there. But maybe you need to see someone so that doesn't happen. Get help and get a meal plan which will get you back on track and healthy. No-one finds skeletons attractive, I know you do but most people don't. That is a lot of exercise considering you must have eaten less than 500 calories, IF THAT! If you lost weight then the nurse will notice. However if this was just a one off day of not eating then she may not notice. But from what you have said the underlying reasons suggest an anorexic eating disorder, but just tell your mother and she will understand. With the hospitlization though I feel I should add that your BMI must be at least 15 for the doctors to class you as anorexic which is ridiculous because it is a mental disorder. Please talk to someone about it okay? You need to get better to have a great life, sorry to be harsh here but if you carry on eating like that YOU WILL DIE!

I am thinking of you....
x

Saving Autistic Adults From Institutions PART TWO



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The Man Your Man Could Smell Like Is Back with "Questions"

Fresh off a Grand Prix win in Film from Cannes this past week for the Old Spice spot we posted on back in March, the creative design firm at Weiden and Kennedy released a follow up online this morning. Back as "The Man Your Man Could Smell Like," former pro football player Isaiah Mustafa returns to "Question" women about the way their men look and smell. Although more CGI driven then the initial spot, the writers at Weiden and Kennedy's Portland office keep the dialogue as entertaining as ever. Regardless of what the critics say, this new commercial screams "Awesomeness," and has definitely convinced me to switch from my regular body wash to Old Spice brand. I mean, what do you have to lose besides a woman who may want her man to smell like the man her man could smell like, right?

Can a creative group be dedicated to measurable results and the design process? Jacob Tyler is the answer to that question. That's because Jacob Tyler isn't a man – or even the sum of decades of experience in advertising and interactive solutions. What we are is a new perspective: one that says an intimate understanding of your business is as important as stunning visuals, and that the right creative tools can make a tidal impact on the marketplace… but only if they are pointed in the right direction. Jacob Tyler isn't a person; it's the new art of branding personified. It's the idea that your success drives ours, and that companies of all sizes need customized solutions, not off-the-shelf answers. Simply put, we're a team of problem solvers who put our talents to work for you.

It's easy to look at our work and see why so many clients are proud to list us as their agency of record. After all, every website, logo, social media platform, and other design project we touch is a chance to show off what we can do, and our wildly creative team of designers, writers, and branding professionals has set the new standard for weaving together inspiration with functionality. But it's our work behind the scenes that turns cutting-edge design and marketing concepts into a reality, online and off. Our research and discovery process is unlike any other you have ever seen; we don't touch a single pixel until we understand your business as if it were our own, and know your strategic goals inside and out. Lots of agencies talk about building relationships. At Jacob Tyler, we deal in profitable partnerships.

About the Author

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Connecticut May 2010 New Business Starts
The following business starts were recorded in May 2010 by the Connecticut Secretary of the State's office. When available, the name of a registered member or officer is given.

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